Magazine Illustration 1910s-1920s

-1st illustrations early 19th century: “blackies” small silhouettes
-tech advances: illustration offers wide range of subjects in number of mediums which were now able to be reproduced in print
-during mid-19th century, before photo reproduction perfect & rise of motion picture, mag illustration heyday: captured news, commentary, entertainment, leading illustrators = celebrities
-Reporter illustrators: Winslow Homer, Frederic Remington, Joseph Pennell, introduced readers to other cultures, pictorial essays
-Early 1900s illustrators: Charles Dana Gibson, Harrison Fisher, James Montgomery Flagg(created Uncle Sam), a bit later: J. C. Leyendecker, Norman Rockwell(p180-183)
--pre-war era: start of women's magazines, were about fashion, decorative arts, but also women's role in society
-1879 Congress creates special low postage rate for magazines, to increase distribution, soon after popularity of muckraking magazines rises: resulted in breaking of monopolies, getting laws(women's comp, pure food and drug act), railroads, life insurance companies = regulated
-declined finally in 1917 post rate rises again
-WWI magazines helped with war effort, also pub pictures of war
-after war: magazines fight for humane values, concerns of unrepresented
-Women's magazines: raised money for causes, debate about alcohol, some suggest women work in factories to free men for the war
-After the War: Jazz Age, fiction became more popular in magazines
-Popular Magazines of the time that published both fiction and nonfiction: The Smart Set, Vanity Fair, The New Yorker(just stated), The Nation, The New Republic: had great influence over politics, art and culture
-American Mercury: very influential in the 20s, 1922 Reader's Digest started, 1923 Time started
-Reader's Digest refused to pub cigarette ads, pub <50 articles on dangers of smoking
-New found leisure time = hobby magazines become popular, Popular Mechanics, Mechanix Illustrated, Popular Science all started. (p19-29)

Amy Janello and Brennon Jones, The American Magazine, (New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1991)